WIRELINE DATA TELEMETRY

Fracture detection and evaluation - Advances in characterization of full-waveform data (shear, tube wave) in fractured rocks has resulted in improved techniques for fracture identification and analysis (Hornby and others, 1990; Medlin, 1991; Paillet and others, 1992).

Permeability measurement- Advances in use of the Stoneley wave for in-situ determination of formation permeability (Burns, 1991; Dominguez and Perez, 1991; Paillet, 1991; Paillet and others, 1992)

Well completion - Use of full-waveform data for (a) full-borehole coverage in cement-bond evaluation (Bigelow, 1990, Jutten and Morriss, 1990), (b) measuring depth of perforations (Halleck and others, 1991), and (c) analyzing hydraulic fracture height (in combination with density and/or nuclear spectrometry tools) (Harrison and others, 1990)

Borehole calipers (see section on MWD)

Dipmeters - This tool, a four-arm pad device, uses differences in formation acoustic impedance, measured by pulse-echo transducers on each pad, to compute formation dips in oil-based mud where standard microresistivity dipmeters cannot used (Poulton and Strozeski, 1989; Strozeski and others, 1989)

Cement-bond determination . Verification of bond quality and detection of channeling (Bigelow, 1990; Jutten and Morris, 1990; Hayman and others, 1991; Forbes and Usewak, 1992; Griffith and others, 1992; Pilkington, 1992)

Casing wear and corrosion evaluation . Acoustic images and resonant frequency are used to detect and measure changes in casing thickness (Katahara and others, 1988; Bettis and others, 1993; Schlumberger, 1992b, 1993a).

Wellbore resonance - A technique to enhance otherwise weak acoustic signals in open and cased holes and for generating Q logs (a measure of seismic damping related to lithology) used in seismic modeling and formation evaluation (Medlin and Schmitt, 1992).

Downhole seismic - Improved tools produce better VSPs that are used for improving the calibration of synthetic seismograms to surface seismic data. (Sutherland and Smith, 1991)

Behind-pipe flow - Evaluation of "active listening", a stationary, pulsed measurement of acoustic amplitude and phase that, used in a time-lapse mode, provides a technique for detecting and measuring fluid-flow (volume and velocity) behind casing. This technique may offer a non-radioactive alternative to nuclear-activation logging for testing well integrity and zone isolation (Rambow, 1990).

High-resolution lithostratigraphic correlation (magnetic susceptibility) on par with gamma-ray logs,

Long-distance well-to-well correlation and absolute formation age dating through magnetostratigraphy (NRM) (Manley and others, 1993; Bouisset and Augustin, 1993)

Determination of sedimentation rates, unconformities, overall depositional history, and the timing of basinal geologic history (Eick and Schlinger, 1989; Lalanne and others, 1991; Barber and others, 1992; Desvignes and others, 1992; Bouisset and Augustin, 1993; Etchecopar and others, 1993; Manley and others, 1993; Pozzi and others, 1993),

Depositional environments may be inferred from the presence of magnetic minerals in some cases, since some magnetic minerals are products of various diagenetic and alteration processes and their presence can be used to examine these processes (Nelson, 1993). Magnetic logging of continuous core ("inverse" logging) can provide similarly useful data and information (Robinson, 1992).

Natural and induced fractures (Hornby and others, 1990; Standen, 1991; Straub and others, 1991; Akbar and others, 1993; Dudley, 1993, Kubik and Lowry, 1993; Ma and Bigelow, 1993; Standen and others, 1993)

Borehole breakouts (Plumb and Hickman, 1985)

Thin beds (Hackbarth and Tepper, 1988)

Geologic structure (strike, dip, faults) in ,and near the borehole (Koepsell and others, 1989; Torres and others, 1990)

Improved core orientation and core-log correlation (McNaboe, 1991; Williams and Sharma, 1991; Salimullah and Stow, 1992)

Identification of sedimentary features and interpretation of depositional environment (Serra, 1989; Verdur and others, 1991; Bourke, 1992; Delhomme, 1992; Sovich and Newberry, 1993)

Evaluation of casing corrosion, wear, or damage (very accurate borehole calipers) (Bettis and others, 1993; Schlumberger, 1993a).

Monitoring fluid movement in producing fields. In order to monitor the progress of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) flooding (carbon dioxide, water, miscible, and thermal), it is necessary to know the vertical and horizontal distribution of flood fronts between wells that may be hundreds of feet apart. This application is based on the principle that displacement of formation fluids (e.g., non-conductive hydrocarbons by conductive brines in a water flood) or changes in formation temperature (during steam or thermal flood) produce changes in reservoir rock properties (saturation, resistivity, pressure, and velocity) that are detectable by both electrical (Mansure and others, 1990; Ranganayaki and others, 1992; Ramirez and others, 1993) and acoustic (seismic) methods (Mansure and others, 1990; Wang and others, 1990; Justice and others, 1991, 1992,1993; Johnston and others, 1992; Paulsson and others, 1992; Lines and others, 1993; Link and others, 1993). The resulting data are processed into images and tomograms that can be used for visualizing fixed or time-lapse sequences of fluid movement. In addition, geological heterogeneities in the reservoir can be mapped using the areal distribution of fluid movement around the borehole (Paulsson and others, 1992).

Improved reservoir characterization. Crosswell techniques can be used for the determination or estimation of interwell formation properties, e.g., porosity, permeability, saturation, in both the vertical and horizontal directions (Lawson, 1991; Zimmerman and Chen, 1992),

Cross-well continuity logging. This is a specialized form of crosswell seismography that uses acoustic guided waves to indicate lateral reservoir continuity between wells. The acoustic signal is trapped in a low-velocity layer by critical reflections of the waves at the upper and lower boundaries of the formation. Its use is limited to formations less than 50 ft thick where there are strong velocity contrasts with adjacent formations (Krohn, 1992; Turpening and others, 1992; Zhong and Worthington, 1992; Tinker and others, 1993).

Detection and evaluation of underground contamination (transport and storage) within the vadose zone. Time-lapse tomographic images, both electrical and acoustic, can indicate changes in the vertical and horizontal distribution and the velocity of fluid movement (Daily and Owen, 1991; Wilt and others, 1991; Daily and others, 1992; Borns and others, 1993; Elbring, 1993; Ramirez and others, 1993).

A high-energy pulsed X-ray source for density logging. A high-energy, electrically generated, non-radioactive source for density logging has the potential benefits of allowing higher logging speeds, greater depth of investigation, acceptance in environmentally sensitive situations (groundwater investigations), and elimination of safety concerns associated with handling and transportation of radioactive material.

A high-intensity neutron source for through-tubing pulsed-neutron applications. A high-intensity neutron source has the potential benefits of allowing higher logging speeds, greater depth of investigation, reduced borehole effects, increased sensitivity and statistical accuracy and elimination of a chemical source of radiation.

Use of higher-density materials. New materials, i.e., bismuth germinate (BGO), gadolinium oxyorthosilicate (GSO) are replacing sodium iodide (NaI) in scintillation detectors in gamma-ray induced-spectrometry tools (PNC and C/O). The denser materials are better at stopping gamma rays and result in a doubling of detector efficiency. This increase can be translated into improved precision at previous logging speeds (1-2 ft/min) or a doubling of logging speed (approximately 5 ft/min) or a reduction in detector size to achieve statistics similar to previous tools.

Germanium direct detectors. The primary advantage of using germanium as a gamma-ray detector is its high resolution, i.e., its ability to differentiate between closely spaced energy peaks (greater than 20 times that of sodium iodide). Current germanium-based tools record two 4,000-channel spectra, versus conventional 256-channel spectra. Gamma-ray spectral logging tools using germanium detectors were first developed in the early 1970s by Princeton Gamma Technology (Baicker and others, 1985) and by ARCO. The first-generation tools used Ge(Li) (lithium-drifted germanium) detectors which were subsequently replaced by n-type HPGe (high-purity germanium crystal) detectors. Due to the low inherent efficiency (ability of the detector to detect a given level of activity) of germanium, detectors must be maintained at cryogenic temperatures while downhole and require longer times at each measuring station (this is not a coninuous measuring device) to obtain usable statistics. Tools using germanium detectors are employed in applications where high resolution is required, e.g., mineral logging (coal and uranium) (Baicker and others, 1982; Clayton and others, 1983), in geological elemental analysis (Schweitzer and Manente, 1985; Schweitzer and others, 1993), and in environmental assessment and monitoring (Nix and others, 1979; Koizumi and others, 1994). In petroleum reservoirs, the improved energy resolution of a germanium-based neutron-induced spectroscopy tool offers (1) an increased range of operational salinities for determining chlorine-based measurements of water saturations, (2) improved accuracy of elemental ratios used for calculating oil saturation, (3) can be useful in locating oil-water contacts, and (4) measurement of elemental concentrations that can be used for improved descriptions of mineralogy and lithology (Myers, 1988). Although several germanium-based logging tools have been developed for the petroleum industry during the past 10 years (Baicker and others, 1985; Everett and others, 1985; Myers, 1988; Zhao and others, 1991), the application of these devices in petroleum environments has received little interest to date because of the expense of the germanium crystals and the electronic hardware, the operational limitations of such tools (large diameter holes, logging-speed), and the perception in the petroleum industry that elemental measurements of minor and trace elements are of little value. Consequently, the use of these tools has be thus far restricted to uranium exploration and for identifying the radioactive components in nuclear waste.

Lithium-6 glass scintillation detectors. This material is being used in place of helium-3 in MWD neutron sensors to meet the needs for a mechanically robust measurement device in a rugged environment (Locke and others, 1991).

Additional detector on density tool. In addition to the near and far detectors on the standard compensated lithology-density tool, a new density tool includes a GSO (see Prensky, 1994) backscatter gamma-ray detector close to the source. By detecting additional higher-energy gamma-rays this design provides an improved density measurement with (1) increased precision in low porosity formations, (2) quantitative compensation of the Pef (photoelectric effect) measurement for mudcake, and (3) a higher vertical resolution (Eyl and others, 1994)

Oxygen activation. The need to detect flow behind casing in producing wells and recent requirements by EPA to confirm mechanical testing of hydraulic well integrity (zone isolation) in injection disposal wells, has generated renewed interest in neutron-activation techniques first developed in the late 1960s. A burst (pulse) of high-energy neutrons activates oxygen nuclei (occurring primarily in water both inside and outside of casing); deviation from the predictable exponential decay of thermal neutrons (measured by emitted gamma rays) indicates water movement (e.g., in cement channels, or tubing annulus). This is a stationary measurement that can determine both the volume (impulse activation) and velocity (steady-state activation) of fluid movement (production or injection) (McKeon and others, 1990, 1991; Scott and others, 1991a). New methods and modified PNC (TDT-type) tools can measure multiple water velocities flowing in the same direction in both the tubing-casing annulus and in the tubing string (Schnorr and others, 1993; Trkca and Chace, 1993).

Silicon activation. This technique uses the neutron activation of silicon and aluminum to generate a gamma-ray log that is proportional to the amount of these elements (abundant in gravel-packing material) that can be used to evaluate gravel-pack quality. Unlike other nuclear methods, this technique is insensitive to fluid properties and therefore not affected by the type of completion fluid used (Olesen and others, 1989; Watson and others, 1990; Yahia and Elshawai, 1993).

Measurement at bit. Placement of sensors closer to, or immediately behind the bit, and/or using the bit itself as an electrode provides better "real-time" data on invasion, lithology, and fluid content (Anonymous, 1993b; Bonner and others, 1993). Tools using this design include (a) an instrumented steerable downhole motor (for "geosteering"), that contains a directional gamma-ray detector and a single azimuthal resistivity electrode, and (b) an instrumented stabilizer capable of making five resistivity measurements with four depths of investigation at a vertical resolution of 2 ft. The azimuthal placement of the electrodes can be used for borehole and resistivity imaging.

Multiple depths of investigation. Increases in the number of tool measurements, from 2 to 4 to 8. These are made possible by new tool designs that add an additional transmitter-receiver spacing and/or a second operational frequency. The newest tools can now offer several independent depths of investigation (Fredericks and others, 1989; Habashy and Anderson, 1991; Rodney and others, 1991; Shen, 1991; Ball and Hendricks, 1993; Oberkircher and others, 1993; Sinclair and others, 1993). Techniques for improving depth of investigation using existing tools have also been introduced (Rodney and Bittar, 1993). Data presentation for these tools is similar to a dual-induction log.

MWD caliper . The measurement of relative phase between a receiver and transmitter by electromagnetic-wave resistivity devices is sensitive to borehole size. This measurement is used as a "phase caliper" for measuring borehole size and shape (Rosthal and others, 1991).

Improvements to current measurements . New tools that improve existing nuclear services (gamma-ray, density, neutron porosity, and spectral gamma-ray and spectral density) have been introduced (Logan, and others, 1990; Locke and others, 1991; Spross and others, 1993).

Borehole caliper. The responses of four density-log-type gamma-gamma detectors, asymmetrically placed in a drilling collar are used for computing borehole size and generating a continuous caliper curve (Paske and others, 1990).

Neutron tool with a mixed thermal-epithermal response. A neutron tool has been designed to reduce the effects of borehole environment and minimize the need for environmental corrections. Tool response is a mix of thermal and epithermal neutrons, rather, than one or the other, thereby making use of the advantages of each (Brooks and Hubner, 1994).

Borehole caliper. Tools containing 2 or 3 ultrasonic transducers serve as borehole calipers and measure tool standoff (Orban and others, 1991; Birchak and others, 1993).

Porosity tool. A new delta-t (compressional-wave transit time, for acoustic porosity) tool has been developed and is in field testing (Aron and others, 1994).

Seismic while drilling. This technique uses the dril bit as a seismic source, to obtain real-time check-shot data and to create seismic images (VSP) ahead of the bit for verifying geologic and geophysical predictions. In contrast to standard VSP where the source remains static at the surface while the receivers are moved uphole, in seismic-while-drilling the source (drill bit) moves downhole while the receivers remain static at the surface.

The drillbit produces a relatively low-energy signal and the problems are to (a) improve the signal-noise ratio by filtering out the noise produced by and associated with the drilling environment, and (b) convert what is essentially a continuous signal to equivalent discrete seismic data (Rector and Marion, 1991; Meehan and others, 1993). The technology has been licensed to a service compnay.

Oil. A portable fluorometer is used to measure intensity of oil fluorescence in samples. Plots of oil intensity versus depth (oil-concentration profiles) can be used to identify missed oil zones, verifying log analysis, select DST intervals, and to identify source rocks (DeLaune, 1992; Reyes, 1993).

Gas. A new continuous gas-extraction device enables a determination of formation gas while drilling that is more accurate than determinations from either wireline or MWD (Wright and others, 1993).

Rotary sidewall coring Rotary sidewall coring tools that obtain mechanically drilled sidewall core plugs (versus typical percussion sidewall cores), have been improved (Shade and Hansen, 1991).

Sidetrack coring. Radial-drilling technology (short- and medium-radius) is being used to obtain full-diameter sidewall cores up to 50 ft long, after completion of drilling and logging (Gardes, 1992). This technique requires less rig time, permits better targeting of desired intervals, and the larger samples can provide more representative reservoir analyses.

Core acquisition in horizontal wells. Development of new techniques for core acquisition in horizontal wells, including coiled-tubing coring systems (Eaton, 1990; Skopec and others, 1990; Skopec, 1991, 1992; Wyllie and others, 1993).

Wellsite analysis of core. Modular systems have been designed for rapid analysis of (a) slimhole continuous core and (b) core plugs, at the rigsite or in the laboratory. "Inverse" logging is the process of making a continuous record of standard measurements on continuous core: gamma-ray, magnetic susceptibility, infrared mineralogy, ultraviolet fluorescence, NMR, source-rock pyrolysis, video imaging. (Randolph and Jourdan, 1991; Spain and others, 1991; Greder and others, 1994). A new compact, portable unit makes on-site measurements of basic petrophysical properties on core plugs from fresh core (bulk dry and wet density, porosity, grain density, infrared mineralogy, P-and S-wave velocity and birefringence at effective pressure, compressive strength, characterization of anisotropy (through analysis of plugs of various orientations), static moduli, magnetic susceptibility and total organic carbon) in "real-time" (Sondergeld and Rai, 1993). This information can be used to evaluate formation damage, to adjust the drilling program where problems are encountered, and enables onsite calibration of well logs and seismic data to in-situ formation parameters. This information is especially critical in high-cost frontier wells that are frequently situated in remote locations.

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FTIR spectroscopy is an established laboratory method for obtaining quantitative bulk mineral analyses of rock samples and is especially suited to small samples. Recent improvements in sample preparation techniques and the use of more powerful computers have reduced the time required for each analysis and its cost, making FTIR analysis practical for rapid mineral analysis of core, core-plug, and cuttings samples. The mineral analyses provided by FTIR can be used in the correction and interpretation of well-logs, e.g., determination of matrix density and clay content (Harville and Freeman, 1988; Robertson and others, 1989; Guest, 1990; Ruessink and Harville, 1992).

Acoustic measurements. Measurement of acoustic velocities on core for correction of, and correlation with seismic and wireline-log data (Hirsche and others, 1991; Nieto and Yale, 1991).

Surface permeability. Accurate and high-resolution permeability data are critical to determination of reservoir producibility and management (Corbett and Jensen, 1993; Hurst, 1993). Minipermeametry is a non-destructive, steady-state technique for determining surface permeability. In probe minipermeametry, a steady stream of gas, generally air, is forced into a sample face from a fine probe tip; permeability of the area under the probe tip is computed from the ratio of flow rate into the rock to pressure drops between the air in the probe tip and the atmosphere (Halvorsen and Hurst, 1990; Robertson and McPhee, 1990; Goggin, 1993; Sutherland and others, 1993).

Recent developments include (a) a new laboratory probe minipermeameter that uses an unsteady-state pressure-decay method to obtain rapid and more accurate measurements of surface permeability on core or thin sections (Georgi and Jones, 1992; Jones, 1992). Data obtained by this technique agree well with results from standard core-plug permeability. (b) Portable units for use at rigsite and outcrop (see discussion below), and (c) an experimental device, a modified minipermeameter, that is capable of both porosity and permeability determination (Chen and others, 1993). After completion of the permeability measurement, pressure transients techniques are used to compute porosity.

Permeability imaging. This is a new technique that uses closely spaced grids of minipermeameter measurements to generate an image of permeability. These images (a) may be related to non-visible bedding features, (b) can be correlated to microresistivity borehole images, and (c) can be used to supplement or verify data from these borehole images where such data are ambiguous (Bourke, 1991, 1993; Bourke and others, 1993).

Porosity measurement by gamma-ray attenuation. This experimental method offers a potentially fast, non-destructive, and portable means for determining porosity on core or in-situ at outcrop. This technique determines porosity on a small part of a sample (e.g. core), however, prior knowledge of lithology and fluid saturations is required. Gamma-ray porosity can be used to study small-scale porosity variation and heterogeneity and averaged porosity (smoothed) values can be used for comparison with standard core-plug porosities and log-derived porosities (Bodwadkar and Reis, 1993).

mineralogy (Fens and others, 1991)

grain textures (shape and size) (Clelland and Fens, 1990; Starkey and Rutherford, 1992)

porosity, permeability, pore structure and pore distribution, (Ehrlich and Davies, 1989; Davies, 1990; Erhlich and Etris, 1990; Ehrlich and others, 1991; McCreesh and others, 1991; Phillips and others, 1991; Alvarado and others, 1992; Bonnie and Fens, 1992; Frykman, 1992; Gerard and others, 1992; Ruzyla, 1992; Clelland and others, 1993; Coskun and Wardlaw, 1993; Gies and McGovern, 1993; Hardy, 1993)

very high-resolution sand-shale ratios in thin beds (Georgi and others, 1992)

Gamma-ray logging of outcrops. Although the concept of using portable scintillation detectors for generating radioactivity profiles (pseudo gamma-ray logs) is not "new" (Ettensohn and others, 1979), there has been renewed interest in it, both within industry and academia. Hand-held scintillation devices measure total or spectral gamma counts of exposed rocks at outcrop and the results are used to create radioactivity profiles of stratigraphic sections that can be used for outcrop-to-outcrop and outcrop-to-well-log stratigraphic correlation (Chamberlin, 1984; Zelt, 1985; Dypvik, 1993). The use of truck-mounted wireline tools for obtaining continuous gamma-ray logs of formation outcrops has been an "in-house" technique used by several companies for some time, however, it has only recently been publicized in the technical literature (Jordan and others, 1991). This technique provides a continuous log that can be used to (a) correlate outcrops with subsurface logs (wireline and MWD), (b) compare wireline-log response with the actual rocks (visually and through laboratory analysis) for improved interpretation of these logs.

Hand-held velocity probe. This device is used to obtain rapid measurements of ultrasonic velocity on outcrop, core, and hand samples. The data can be used for porosity determination, correlation with wireline acoustic data, calibration of downhole data, and estimation of rock mechanical properties. Smoothed data show good correlation with wireline data (Batzle and Smith, 1992).

Field minipermeameter. Portable, hand-held mechanical minipermeameters have been developed for rapid, in-situ determination of surface permeability at outcrop or on core. This equipment is capable of making 400-500 measurements per day (Chandler and others, 1989; Davis and others, 1994).

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Bigelow, E.L., Civarolo, M.F., and Fishburn, T.K., 1993, A novel approach to reconciling the problems of acquiring diplog data, SPE-26507, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 887-896.

Birchak, J.R., Matthews, R.G., Moake, G.L., and Schultz, W.E., 1993, Standoff and caliper measurements while drilling using a new formation-evaluation tool with three ultrasonic transducers, SPE-26494, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 793-806.

Black, A.J., 1992, Borehole gravity shuttle system for enhanced deep densities at small depth intervals [abs.], BG6.8, in 1992 technical program expanded abstracts with bibliographies: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, p. 225-226.

Blount, C.G., and Walker, E.J., 1992, Coiled tubing--operation and services, part 6, Tubing assisted logging and perforating: World Oil, v. 213, no. 5, May, p. 89-96.

Bodwadkar, S.V., and Reis, J.C., 1993, Core porosity measurements using gamma rays, SPE-26467, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 531-538.

Bonner, S., Bagersh, A., Clark, B., Dajee, G., Dennison, M., Hall, J.S., Jundt, J., Lovell, J., Rosthal, R., and Allen, D., 1994, A new generation of electrode resistivity measurements for formation evaluation while drilling, paper OO, in 35th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 25 p.

Bonner, S., Burgess, T., Clark, B., Decker, D., Orban, J., Prevedel, B., Luling, M., and White, J., 1993, Measurement at the bit--a new generation of MWD tools: Schlumberger Oilfield Review, p. v. 5, no. 2/3, p. 44-54.

Bonner, S., Clark, B., Holenka, J., Voisin, B., Dusang, J., Hansen, R., White, J., and Walsgrove, T., 1992, Logging while drilling--a three-year perspective: Schlumberger Oilfield Review, v. 4, no. 3, July, p. 4-21.

Bonnie, J.H.M., 1993, Reconciliation of resistivity log readings in vertical and horizontal boreholes, SPE-26431, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 151-160.

Bonnie, J.H.M., and Fens, T.W., 1992, Porosity and permeability from SEM based image analysis of core material, SPE 23619, in 2nd Latin American petroleum Engineering conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 45-58.

Borns, D.J., Newman, G., Stolarczyk, L., and Mondt, W., 1993 Cross borehole electromagnetic imaging of chemical and mixed waste landfills, in Bell, R.S., and Lepper, C.M., eds., Symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems, proceedings: Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, v. 1, p. 91-105.

Borsaru, M.. 1993, Nuclear techniques for in situ evaluation of coal and mineral deposits: Nuclear Geophysics, v. 7, no. 4, p. 555-574.

Bouisset, P.M., and Augustin, A.M., 1993, Borehole magenetostratigraphy, absolute age dating, and correlation of sedimentary rocks, with examples from the Paris Basin, France: AAPG Bulletin, v. 77, no. 4, p. 569-587.

Bourke, L.T., 1991, Permeability imaging for detailed reservoir characterization, in Worthington, P.F., and Longeron, D., eds., Advances in core evaluation II--reservoir appraisal: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Philadelphia, p. 407-427.

Bourke, L.T., 1992, Sedimentological borehole image analysis in clastic rocks--a systematic approach to interpretation, in Hurst, A., Griffiths, C.M., and Worthington, P.F., eds., Geological applications of wireline logs II: The Geological Society, London, Special Publication No. 65, p. 31-42.

Bourke, L.T., 1993, Core permeability imaging--its relevance to conventional core characterization and potential application to wireline measurement: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 10, no. 4, p. 297-408.

Bourke, L.T., Corbin, N., Buck, S.G., and Hudson, G., 1993, Permeability images--a new technique for enhanced reservoir characterization, in Ashton, M., eds., Advances in reservoir geology: Geological Society [London] Special Publication No. 69, p. 219-232.

Brady, J.L., Wolcott, D.S., and Aiken, C.L.V., 1993, Gravity methods--useful techniques for reservoir surveillance, SPE-26095, in Western regional meeting proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 645-657.

Brooks, A.G., and Hubner, B.G., 1994, Thermal-epithermal mix in an MWD neutron sub [abs.]: The Log Analyst, v. 35, no. 2, p. 91.

Burban, B., and Delahayae, T., 1994, Slim hole MWD tool accurately measures downhole annular pressure: Oil and Gas Journal, v. 92, no. 7, February 14, p. 56-61.

Burgess, T., and Voisin, B., 1992, Advances in MWD technology improve real time data: Oil and Gas Journal, v. 90, no. 7, February 17, p. 51-61.

Burns, D.R., 1991, Predicting relative and absolute variations of in-situ permeability from full-waveform acoustic logs: The Log Analyst, v. 32, no. 3, p. 246-255.

Cairns, J.L., Feldkamp, L.D., and Sneider, R.M., 1992, 3D visualization for improved reservoir characterization, SPE-24269, in SPE European computer conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers. Later published in 1993: SPE Computer Applications, June, p. 13-19.

Cantrell, L.A., Paxson, K.B., Keyser, B.L., and Ball, S., 1992, Case histories of MWD as wireline replacement--an evolution of formation evaluation philosophy, SPE-24673, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 115-130. Later published in abridged form in 1993 as, A proven record is changing attitudes about MWD logs: World Oil, v. 214, no. 7, p. 55-62.

Castagna, J.P., Batzle, M.L., Tubman, K.M., Gaiser, J.E., and Burnett, M.D., 1993, Shear-wave velocity control, in Castagna, J.P., and Backus, M.M., eds., Offset-dependent reflectivity--theory and practice of AVO analysis: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, p. 115-134.

Chamberlin, A.K., 1984, Surface gamma-ray logs--a correlation tool for frontier areas: AAPG Bulletin, v. 68, no. 8, p. 1040-1043. Discussion published in 1988 by Cowan, D.R., and Myers, K.J.: AAPG Bulletin, v. 72, no. 5, p. 634-636.

Chandler, M.A., Goggin, D.J., and Lake, L.W., 1989, A mechanical field permeameter for making rapid, non-destructive, permeability measurements: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 59, no. 4, p. 613-635.

Chang, H-T., 1989, Borehole directional radar system for subsurface scanning, SPE-19609, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition, proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 395-402.

Chardaire, C., and Roussel, J-C., 1990, NMR imaging of fluid saturation distributions in core samples using a high magnetic field, in Worthington, P.F., ed., Advances in core evaluation, accuracy, and precision in reserves estimation [Reviewed proceedings of the first Society of Core Analysts European core analysis symposium, May 21-23, London, UK]: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, p. 301-315.

Chardaire-Riviere, C., and Roussel, J.C., 1992, Principle and potential of nuclear magnetic resonance applied to the study of fluids in porous media: Revue de l'Institut Francais du Petrole: v. 47, no. 4, p.

Chemali, R., Su, S.M., Goetz, J.F., Maute, R.E., and Osborn, F.F., 1990, Methods for improved dip determination in water-based mud with the six-arm dipmeter, paper O, in 31st annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 25 p. Later published in 1991: The Log Analyst, v. 32, no. 3, p. 298-308.

Chen, S., Qin, F., Kim, K-H., and Watson, A.T., 1992, NMR imaging of multiphase flow in porous media, SPE-24760, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 1013-1026. Also published in 1993: AIChE [American Institute of Chemical Engineers] Journal, v. 39, no. 6, p. 925-934.

Chen, Z, McLemore, J., and Heller, J.P., 1993, The miniporopermeameter for simultaneous measurement of permeability and porosity, SPE-26508, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 897-905.

Clavier, C., 1991, The challenge of logging horizontal wells: The Log Analyst, v. 32, no. 2, p. 63-84.

Clayton, C.G., Hassan, A.M., and Wormald, M.R., 1983, Multi-element analysis of coal during borehole logging by measurement of prompt gamma-rays from thermal neutron capture, in C.G. Clayton, ed., Nuclear geophysics--Selected papers on applications of nuclear techniques in mineral exploration, mining and process control: International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, v. 34, no. 1,, p. 83-93. Reprinted in 1986, in Buchanan, D.J., and Jackson, L.J., eds., Coal geophysics: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Geophysics Reprint Series No. 6, p. 74-84.

Clelland, W.D., and Fens, T.W., 1990, Automated rock characterization with SEM/image-analysis techniques, SPE-20920, in SPE European petroleum conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 369-377. Later published in 1991: SPE Formation Evaluation, v. 6, no. 4, p. 437-443.

Clelland, W.D., Kantorowicz, J.D., and Fens, T.W., 1993, Quantitative analysis of pore structure and its effect on reservoir behavior--Upper Jurassic Ribble Member sandstones, Fulmar field, UK North Sea, in Ashton, M., eds., Advances in reservoir geology: Geological society [London] Special Publication No. 69, p. 57-79.

Coates, G.R., Peveraro, R.C.A., Hardwick, A., and Roberts, D., 1991, The Magnetic Resonance Imaging Log characterized by comparison with petrophysical properties and laboratory core data, SPE-22723, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 627-635.

Cobb, C.C., and Schultz, P.K., 1992. A real-time fiber optic downhole video system, OTC-7046, in 24th annual offshore technology conference, proceedings, v. 4: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 575-582. Later published in 1992 as, Schultz, P.K., and Cobb, C., Fiber optics improve downhole video: Oil and Gas Journal, v. 90, no. 19, May 11, p. 46-50.

Coles, M.E., Muegge, E.L., and Sprunt, E.S., 1991, Applications of CAT [computer axial tomography] scanning for oil and gas production research: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, v. 38, no. 2, p. 510-515.

Colley, N., Ireland, T., Reignier, P., Richardson, S., Joseph, J., Zimmerman, R., Traboulay, I., and Hastings, A., 1992, The MDT tool--a wireline testing breakthrough: Schlumberger Oilfield Review, v. 4, no. 2, April, p. 58-65.

Corbett, P.W.M., and Jensen, J.L., 1993, Application of probe permeametry to the prediction of two-phase flow performance in laminated sandstones (lower Brent Group, North Sea): Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 10, no. 4, p. 335-346.

Corrigan, M., Hoyer, C., and Gaston, C., 1990, Logging on coiled tubing--a proven technique for highly deviated wells and other applications, in 4th Abu Dhabi petroleum conference proceedings: Abu Dhabi National Oil Company, p. 50-56. Later published in 1991 as, SPE-21314: Society of Petroleum Engineers, unsolicited paper, 7 p.

Coskun, S.B., and Wardlaw, N.C., 1993, Estimation of permeability from image analysis of reservoir sandstones: Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, v. 10, no. 1, p. 1-16.

Crease, R.P., 1993, Biomedicine in the age of imaging: Science, v. 261, 30 July, p. 554, 557-558, 561.

Cunningham, A.B., and Jay, K.L., 1991, Field experience using the nuclear magnetic logging tool for quantifying microporosity and irreducible water saturation, paper EE, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 23 p.

Cunningham, A.B., and Opstad, E.A., 1990, Use of MWD Formation Evaluation in the Endicott Reservoir, North Slope, Alaska, USA, paper C, in 13th European formation evaluation symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Budapest Chapter, 21 p. Later published in 1992: The Log Analyst, v. 33, no. 5, p. 439-449.

Dachary, J., and Vighetto, R., 1992, Slim hole drilling proven in remote exploration project: Oil and Gas Journal, v. 90, no. 25, June 22, p. 62-67.

Daily, W., and Owen, E., 1991, Cross-borehole resistivity tomography: Geophysics, v. 56, no. 8, p. 1228-1235.

Daily, W., Ramirez, A., LaBrecque, D. Nitao, J., 1992, Electrical resistivity tomography of vadose water movement: Water Resources Research, v. 28, no. 5, p. 1429-1442.

Davies, D.H., Faivre, O., Gounot, M-T., Seeman, B., Troullier, J-C., Benimeli, D., Ferreira, A.E., Pittman, D.J., Smits, J-W., Randrianavony, M., Anderson, B.I., and Lovell, J., 1992, Azimuthal resistivity imaging--a new generation laterolog [ARI], SPE-24676, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 143-153.

Davies, D.K., 1990, Image analysis of reservoir pore systems--state of the art in solving problems related to reservoir quality, SPE-19407, in 9th SPE symposium on formation damage control proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 73-82.

Davis, J.M., Wilson, J.L., and Phillips, F.M., 1994, A portable air-minipermeameter for rapid in situ field measurements: Ground Water, v. 32, no. 2, March-April, p. 258-266.

De, B.R., and Nelson, M.A., 1992, Ultrabroadband electromagnetic well logging--a potential future technology, paper A, in 33rd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 23 p.

DeLaune, P.L., 1992, Surface technique to measure oil concentration while drilling, paper KK, in 33rd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 19.

Delhomme, J.P., 1992, A quantitative characterization of formation heterogeneities based on borehole image analysis, paper T, in 33rd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 25 p.

Descalzi, C., Rognoni, A., and Spotti, G., 1990, Quantitative evaluation of thin bedded reservoirs through a 'cluster analysis' using high resolution tools, SPE-20945, in Europec 90 conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 87-94.

Desvignes, G., Barthes, V., and Tabbagh, A., 1992, Direct determination of the natural remanant magnetization effect in a hole drilled in layered ground from magnetic field and susceptibility logs: Geophysics, v. 57, no. 7, p. 872-884.

Ding, Z.X, Wu, S., Jordan, C., Wu, S.Q., and Nice, S.B., 1993, Production logging in highly deviated and horizontal wells, paper I, in 15th European formation evaluation symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Norway Chapter [Norwegian Formation Evaluation Society], 16 p.

Dominguez, H., and Perez, G., 1991, Permeability estimation in naturally fractured fields by analysis of Stoneley waves: The Log Analyst, v. 32, no. 3, p. 120-128.

Dowell, I.A., York, P.L., and Jackson, C.E., 1993, Evolution of an LWD toolstring with applications for petrophysical logging and drilling control, OTC-7356, in 25th annual OTC proceedings, v. 4: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 897-905.

Drumheller, D.S., 1992, An overview of acoustic telemetry, in Geothermal energy and the utility market--the opportunities and challenges for expanding geothermal energy in a competitive supply market, meeting [March 24-26] proceedings: U.S. Deparment of Energy, Geothermal Program Review 10, 7 p.

Drumheller, D.S., 1993, Attenuation of sound waves in drill strings: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, v. 94, no. 4, October, p. 2387-2396.

Dudley, J.W., II, 1993, Quantitative fracture identification with the borehole televiewer, paper CC, in 34th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 4 p.

Dypvik, H., 1993, Natural gamma activity--a possible aid in sedimentological fieldwork: Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, v. 73, no. 1, p. 58-62.

Eaton, N., 1990, Newly developed systems meet demands of coring: World Oil, v.210, no. 3, March, p. 62-65.

Ehrlich, R., Crabtree, S.J., Horkowitz, K.O., and Horkowitz, J.P., 1991, Petrography and reservoir physics I--objective classification of reservoir porosity: AAPG Bulletin, v. 75, no. 10, p. 1547-1562.

Ehrlich, R., and Davies, D.K., 1989, Image analysis of pore geometry; relationship to reservoir engineering and modeling, SPE-19054, in SPE gas technology symposium [Dallas], proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 15-30.

Ehrlich, R., and Etris, E.L., 1990, Pore types and core physics, paper SCA-9001, in Annual technical conference preprints: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Society of Core Analysts Chapter-at-Large, v. 3, v. 2, 31 p.

Eick, P.M., and Schlinger, C.M., 1989, Multi-frequency magnetic susceptibility variations in ash-flow sheets and their relevance to borehole stratigraphic correlations, paper M (Abstract only): Third International Symposium on Borehole Geophysics for Minerals, Geotechnical, and Groundwater Applications, Proceedings.

Elbring, G.J., 1993, Crosswell seismic imaging of an in-situ air stripping waste remediation process, in Bell, R.S., and Lepper, C.M., eds., Symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems, proceedings: Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, v. 1, p. 55-63.

Elkington, P.A.S. and Patel, H.K., 1985, Invasion profile from the Digital Induction log, paper L, in 26th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 17 p. Also published in 1985 as paper J, in 10th formation evaluation symposium transactions: Canadian Well Logging Society

Elphick, R.Y., 1991, Using the LAS format, part 1: Geobyte, v. 6, no. 6, p. 44-55.

Elphick, R.Y., 1992, Using the LAS format, part 2: Geobyte, v. 7, no. 1, p. 20-33.

Etchecopar, A., Moulin, P., Pages, G., Pocachard, J., 1993, Harnessing paleomagnetics for logging: Schlumberger Oilfield Review, v. 5, no. 4, p. 4-13.

Ettensohn, F.R., Fulton, L.P., and Kepferle, R.C., 1979, Use of scintillometer and gamma-ray logs for correlation and stratigraphy in homogeneous black shales--summary: GSA Bulletin, v. 90, part 1, May, p. 421-423.

Evans, H.B., 1991, Evaluating differences between wireline and MWD systems: World Oil, v. 212, no. 4, April, p. 51-61, 136.

Everett, R.V., Herron, M., Pirie, G., Schweitzer, J., and Edmundson, H., 1985, Faja case study results on a single well MFM-7S, paper A, in 10th formation evaluation symposium transactions: Canadian Well Logging Society, 20 p. Also published in 1985, as SPE-14176: Society of Petroleum Engineers, presented at 60th annual meeting, preprint. Later published in 1987: SPE Formation Evaluation, v. 2, no. 3, September, p. 361-375. Also published in 1987, in R.F. Myer, ed., Exploration for heavy crude oil and natural bitumen [AAPG/UNITAR research conference (Santa Maria, California, October 29-November 2, 1984), proceedings]: AAPG Studies in Geology No. 25, p. 423-436.

Eyl, K.A., Becker, A.J., Chapellat, H., Chevalier, P., Flaum, C., Groves, J., Jammes, L. and Whittaker, S.J., 1994, Improved density logging using a three detector device, SPE-28407, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 467-480.

Faivre, O., 1993, Fracture evaluation from quantitative azimuthal resistivities, SPE-26434, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 179-192.

Faure, A.M., Zijlker, V.A., van Elst, H., van Melsen, R.J., 1993, Horizontal drilling with coiled tubing--a look at potential application to North Sea mature fields in light of experience onshore The Netherlands, SPE-26715, in SPE offshore European conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, v.1, p. 359-369.

Fens, T.H., Bonnie, J.H.M., and Clelland, W.D., 1991, Automated mineral identification of sandstone samples using SEM/image analysis techniques, in Worthington, P.F., and Longeron, D., eds., Advances in core evaluation II--reservoir appraisal: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Philadelphia, p. 145-168.

Flanagan, W.D., Bramblett, R.L., Galford, J.E., Hertzog, R.C., Plasek, R.E., and Olesen, J.R., 1991, A new generation nuclear logging system, paper Y, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 25 p.

Forbes, d., and Usewak, G., 1992, Detection of gas migration behind casing using ultrasonic imaging methods: Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology, v. 31, no. 6, p. 18-25.

Forsyth, D., Nawawi, H., and Ho. T.C., 1993, Review of techniques for the interpretation and evaluation of thin sand sequences, SPE-25357, in SPE Asia Pacific oil and gas conference and exhibition proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 347-355.

Fredericks, P.D., Hearn, F.P., and Wisler, M.M., 1989, Formation evaluation while drilling with a dual propagation resistivity tool, SPE-19622, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition, proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 521-536. Also published in 1989 as paper L, in 12th international formation evaluation symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Paris Chapter (SAID), 12 p.

Frykman, P., 1992, Quantification of pore geometry in carbonates using image analysis; Upper Permian (Zechstein) of Denmark: Geologie en Mijnbouw, v. 71, p. 23-32.

Gadeken, L.L., Gardner, M.L., Sharbak, D.E., and Wyatt, D.F., 1989, The interpretation of radioactive-tracer logs using gamma-ray spectroscopy measurements, paper KK, in 12th international formation evaluation symposium transaction: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Paris Chapter (SAID), p. Later published in 1991: The Log Analyst, v. 32, no. 1, p. 25-34.

Gadeken, L.L., Ginzel, W.J., Sharbak, D.E., Shorck, K.A., Sitka, M.A., and Taylor, J.L., III, 1991, The determination of fracture orientation using a directional gamma-ray tool, paper AA, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 13 p. Also published in 1991 as paper AA, in 14th European formation evaluation symposium transactions [THAMES symposium]: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, London Chapter, 15 p.

Gardes Directional Drilling, 1992, Radial coring: Gardes Energy, Inc., Lafayette Louisiana, sales brochure, 13 p.

Gardner, W.R., and Goodman, K.R., 1992, An adaptive telemetry system for hostile environment well logging, SPE-25013, in European petroleum conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 531-540.

Gardner, W.R., and Sanstrom, W.C., 1992, Real-time compression of logging data, SPE-25015, in European petroleum conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 557-566.

Gas Research Institute, 1992, Through-casing logging--GRI research aims to tap the lowest-cost gas resource: Chicago, Illinois, Report GRI-92/0543, 4 p.

Gaudin, D.B., and Beasley, J.C., 1991, A comparison of MWD and wireline steering tool guidance systems in horizontal drilling, SPE-22536, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition, v. delta, Drilling: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 7-18.

Genrich, D.S., Pruiecki, C.J., and Dunlop, F.L., 1993, Fully retirevable, slimhole gamma ray MWD system minimizes the risk of horizontal drilling, IADC/SPE-25691, in 1993 IADC/SPE drilling conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 161-168.

Georgi, D.T., and Jones, S.C., 1992, Application of pressure-decay profile permeametry to reservoir description, SPENC-9212: Society of Petroleum Engineers, presented at 16th Annual SPE (Nigeria Council) International Conference and Exhibition [August 26-27, Lagos, Nigeria), 12 p.

Georgi, D.T., Phillips, C., and Hardman, R., 1992, Applications of digital core image analysis to thin-bed evaluation, paper SCA-9206, in Society of Core Analysts preprints [33rd SPWLA annual logging symposium transactions, v. 3]: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Society of Core Analysts, Chapter-at-Large, 12 p.

Gerard, R.E., Philipson, C.A., Manni, F.M., and Marschall, D.M., 1992, Petrographic image analysis--an alternative method for determining petrophysical properties, in Palz, I., and Sengupta, S.K., eds., Automated pattern analysis in petroleum exploration: Springer-Verlag, New York, p. 249-263.

Gianzero, S., Chemali, R., Lin, Y., Su, S. and Foster, M., 1985, A new resistivity tool for measurement-while-drilling, paper A, in 26th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 22 p.

Gies, R.M., and McGovern, J., 1993, Petrographic image analysis--an effective technology for delineating reservoir quality, SPE-26147, in SPE gas technology symposium proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 99-106.

Gill, S.P., 1989, Range and resolution performance of a new pulsed power induction log, paper L, in 30th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 23 p.

Gleeson, J.W., Woessner, D.W., and Jordan, C.F., Jr., 1990, NMR imaging of pore structures in limestones, SPE-20493, in Annual technical conference proceedings, v. gamma, EOR/general petroleum engineering: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 247-253. Later published in 1993: SPE Formation Evaluation, v. 6, no. 2, p. 123-127.

Goggin, D.J., 1993, Probe permeametry--is it worth the effort?: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 10, no. 4, p. 299-308.

Greaves, R.J., Beydoun, W.B., and Spies, B.R., 1991, New dimensions in geophysics for reservoir monitoring, SPE-20170: SPE Formation Evaluation, v. 6, no. 2, p. 141-50.

Greder, H.N., Marion, D.P., and Pellerin, F.M., 1994, Petrophysical logs on cores--a new tool for core-log calibration and reservoir characterization, paper Q, in 35th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 24 p.

Griffith, J.E., Sabins, F.L., and Harness, P.E., 1992, Investigation of ultrasonic and sonic bond tools for detection of gas channels in cements, SPE-24573, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. delta, Drilling: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 245-260.

Grupping, T.I.F., Harrell, J.W., and Dickinson, R.T., 1988a, Performance update of a dual-resistivity MWD tool with some promising results in oil-based mud applications, SPE-18115, in 1988 SPE annual technical conference proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 73-85.

Grupping, T.I.F., Harrell, J.W., and Dickinson, R.T., 1988b, Recent performance of the dual resistivity MWD tool, SPE-18380, in SPE European petroleum conference [London] proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 411-422. Later published in 1990 by Grupping, T.I.F., and Wagstaff, J.D.: SPE Formation Evaluation, v. 5, no. 2, June, p. 171-176.

Guest, K., 1990, The use of core-derived quantitative mineralogical data to improve formation evaluation, in Worthington, P.F., ed., Advances in core evaluation, accuracy, and precision in reserves estimation [Reviewed proceedings of the first Society of Core Analysts European core analysis symposium, May 21-23, London, UK]: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, p. 187-209.

Habashy, T., and Anderson, B., 1991, Reconciling differences in depth of investigation between 2-MHz phase shift and attenuation resistivity measurements, paper E, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 20 p.

Hackbarth, C.J., and Tepper, B.J., 1988, Examination of BHTV, FMS, and SHDT images in very thinly bedded sands and shales, SPE-18118, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 119-127. Later reprinted in 1990, in Borehole imaging: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts Reprint Volume, p. 307-315.

Hailwood, E.A., 1989, Magnetostratigraphy: Geological Society [London] Special Report No. 19, 84 p.

Hall, J.D., and Howard, W.E., 1992, Digital images of core photographs, SPE-24450, in 7th SPE petroleum computer conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 259-266. Later published in 1994: SPE Computer Applications, April, p. 5-8.

Halleck, P.M., Wesson, D.S., Snider, P.M., and Navarette, M., 1991, Prediction of in-situ shaped-charge penetration using acoustic and density logs, SPE-22808, v. pi, Production operations and engineering: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 483-490.

Halvorsen, C., and Hurst, A., 1990, Principles, practice, and applications of laboratory minipermeametry, in Worthington, P.F., ed., Advances in core evaluation, accuracy, and precision in reserves estimation [Reviewed proceedings of the first Society of Core Analysts European core analysis symposium, May 21-23, London, UK]: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, p. 521-549.

Hammons, L.R.B., Barnett, W.C., Fisher, E.K., and Sellers, D.H., 1991, Stratigraphic control and formation evaluation of horizontal wells using MWD, SPE-22538, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition, v. delta, Drilling: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 25-38. Later published in 1992: Journal of Petroleum Technology, v. 44, no. 10, p. 1134-1140.

Hanson, J.M., and Tibbitts, G.A., 1991, Pore pressure ahead of the bit, SPE/IADC-21916, in SPE/IADC drilling conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 179-188.

Hardage, B.A., 1992, Crosswell seismology and reverse VSP: Geophysical Press, Ltd., London, Seismic Applications, v. 1, 304 p.

Hardy, H.H., 1993, Fractal analysis of core photographs with application to reservoir characterization, in Linville, B., Burchfield, T.E., and Wesson, T.C., eds., Reservoir characterization III: PennWell Books, Tulsa, Oklahoma, p. 787-797.

Harness, P.E., Hansen, M.D., Terzian, G.A., Fowler, S.H., Jr., and Golino, F.J., 1990, An overview of reeled-tubing-conveyed production logging capabilities in California, SPE-20028, in SPE California regional meeting proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 155-163

Harris, J.M., Nolen-Hoeksema, R., Rector, J.W., III, Van Schaack, M., and Lazaratos, S.K., 1992, High resolution cross-well imaging of a west Texas carbonate reservoir, part 1--data acquisition and project overview [abs.], BG1.2, in 1992 technical program expanded abstracts with biographies: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, p. 35-37.

Harris, R. Cheruvier, E., and Cross, B., 1993, Time lapse analysis of logging-while-drilling and wireline data--invasion radius and Rt from forward and inverse modelling, paper MM, in 34th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 22 p.

Harrison, A.R., Randall, C.J., Aron, J.B., Morris, C.F., Wignall, A.H., Dworak, R.A., Rutledge, L.L., and Perkins, J.L., 1990, Acquisition and analysis of sonic waveforms from a borehole monopole and dipole source for the determination of compressional and shear speeds and their relation to rock mechanical properties and surface seismic data [DSI], SPE-20557, in SPE annual technical conference exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 267-282

Harville, D.G., and Freeman, D.L., 1988, The benefits and application of rapid mineral analysis provided by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, SPE-18120, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, 141-150.

Hastins, A.F., 1990, Log-derived elemental concentrations to improve the accuracy of fluid saturations determined from well logs: Nuclear Geophysics, v. 4, no. 3, p. 305-319.

Hayman, A.J., Hutin, R., and Wright, P.V., 1991, High-resolution cementation and corrosion imaging by ultrasound, paper KK, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 25 p.

Head, E.L., Pop, J.J., and Bettis, F.E., 1993, Reservoir anisotropy determination using multiple probe pressures, SPE-26048, in Western regional meeting proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 205-219. Later published in 1993: Journal of Petroleum Technology, v. 45, no. 12, p. 1177-1184.

Herron, M.M., and Herron, S.L., 1990, Geological applications of geochemical well logging, in Lovell, M.A., and Morton, A.C., eds., Geological applications of wireline logs: Geological Society of London Special Publication No. 48, p. 165-175.

Herron, S.L., Chiaramonte, J.M., and Grau, J.A., 1992, Impact of statistical uncertainties of elemental concentrations on geochemical log interpretation: Nuclear Geophysics, v. 6, no. 3, p. 351-358.

Herron, S.L., Herron, M.M., Grau, J.A., and Ellis, D.V., 1993, Interpretation of chemical concentration logs and applications in the petroleum industry, in Pieters, C., and Englert, P., eds., Remote geochemical analysis--elemental and mineralogical composition: Cambridge University Press, p. 507-537.

Herron, S.L., Petricola, M.J.C., and Dove, R.E., 1991, Geochemical logging of a Middle East carbonate reservoir, SPE-21435, in SPE 7th Middle East oil show conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 821-830. Later published in 1992: Journal of Petroleum Technology, v. 44, no. 11, p. 1176-1183.

Hirsche, W.K., Wang, Z., and Sedgwick, G., 1991, Acoustic core analysis in reservoir appraisal, in Worthington, P.F., and Longeron, D., eds., Advances in core evaluation II--reservoir appraisal: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Philadelphia, p. 187-214.

Hornby, B.E., Luthi, S.M., and Plumb, R.A., 1990, Comparison of fracture apertures computed from electrical borehole scans and reflected Stoneley waves--an automated interpretation, paper L, in 31st annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 25 p. Later published in 1992: The Log Analyst, v. 33, no. 1, p. 50-66. Also published in 1992 as Hornby, B.E., and Luthi, S.M., 1992, An integrated interpretation of fracture apertures computed from electrical borehole scans and reflected Stoneley waves, in Hurst, A., Griffiths, C.M., and Worthington, P.F., eds., Geological applications of wireline logs II: The Geological Society, London, Special Publication No. 65, p. 179-184.

Hornby, B.E., Murphy, W.F. III, Liu, H-L., and Hsu, K., 1991, Reservoir sonics--a North Sea case study: Geophysics, v. 57, no. 1, p. 146-160.

Howard, J.J., Kenyon, W.E., and Straley, C., 1990, Proton-magnetic-resonance and pore-size variations in reservoir sandstones, SPE-20600, in SPE annual technical conference exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 733-742.

Hunka, J.F., Barber, T.D., Rosthal, R.A., Minerbo, G.N., Head, E.A., Howard, A.Q., Jr., Hazen, G.A., and Chandler, R.N., 1990, A new resistivity measurement system for deep formation imaging and high-resolution formation evaluation [AIT], SPE-20559, in SPE annual technical conference exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 295-307.

Hurst, A., 1993, Sedimentary flow units in hydrocarbon reservoirs--some short comings and a case for high-resolution permeability data, in Flint, S.S., and Bryant, I.D., eds., The geological modelling of hydrocarbon reservoirs and outcrop analogues: International Association of Sedimentologists, Special Publication No. 15, p. 205-212.

Hutchinson, M.W., 1991, Comparisons of MWD, wireline, and core data from a borehole test facility, SPE-22735, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 741-754.

Imamura, S., 1991, Near-borehole resistivity imaging using normal resistivity logs [abs.], BG5.6, in 1991 technical program with expanded abstracts with biographies: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, p. 145-147. Later published in 1992 in expanded form as, Imaging technique of near-borehole resistivity structure from normal resistivity logs, paper F, in 33rd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 21 p.

IMS Eastern Hemisphere Technology Committee, 1991, Compatibility of formation evaluation MWD data and wireline log data (guidelines to optimise FEMWD quality) paper O, in 14th European formation evaluation symposium transactions [THAMES symposium]: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, London Chapter, 36 p.

Inderwiesen, P.L., and Lo, T-W., 1990, Cross-hole seismic tomographic imaging of reservoir inhomogeneities in the Midway-Sunset field, California, BG2.1, in Expanded abstracts with biographies, 1990 technical program, v. 1: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, p. 22-25. Later published in 1991 as, Lo, T.-W., Inderwiesen, P.L., Melton, D.R., Howlett, D.L., Lewis, A.V., Poenk, M.F., Livingston, N.D., and Hatcher, W.B., 1991, The benefit and reliability of using cross-well tomography for reservoir characterization, SPE-22757, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 927-936. Also published in 1992 as, Lo, T.-W., and Inderwiesen, P.L., Reservoir characterization with crosswell tomography--a case study in the Midway-Sunset field, California, SPE-22336, in SPE international meeting on petroleum engineering [Beijing], proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 87-96.

Jackson, P.D., Lovell, M.A., Harvey, P.K., Ball, J.K., Williams, C., Ashu, P., Flint, R., Meldrum, P., Reece, G., and Zheng, G., 1992, Electrical resistivity core imaging--theoretical and practical experiments as an aid to reservoir characterization, paper VV, in 33rd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 13 p.

Jacobsen, S.J., Fett, T.H., Singer, J.M., and Ahmed, U., 1991, Horizontal wells--concepts in reservoir evaluation, SPE-21837, in Rocky Mountain regional and low-permeability reservoirs symposium, proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 317-335. Later published in 1992 in condensed form as, Ahmed, U., 1992, Formation evaluation critical for application of technology [3-part series]: American Oil and Gas Reporter, v. 34, no. 6, June, p. 27-32; v. 34, no. 7, July, p. ; v. 34, no. 8, August, p. 25-31.

Jacobson, L.A., Beals, R., Wyatt, D.F., Jr., and Hrametz, A., 1991, Response characterization of an induced gamma spectrometry tool using a bismuth-germanate scintillator, paper LL, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 18 p.

Jacobson, L.A., Wyatt, D.F., Jr., Gadeken, L.L., and Merchant, G.A., 1990, Resolution enhancement of nuclear measurements through deconvolution, paper TT, in 31st annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 15 p. Later published in 1991: The Log Analyst, v. 32, no. 6, p. 663-670.

Jan, Y.M., and Harrell, J., 1987, MWD directional-focused gamma ray--A new tool for formation evaluation and drilling control in horizontal wells, paper A, in 28th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 17 p. Later reprinted in 1990 in Directional Drilling: Society of Petroleum Engineers, Reprint Series No. 30, p. 189-197. Later reprinted in 1993, in Measurement while drilling: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts Reprint Series, p. 57-74.

Jantzen, R.E., Syrstad, S.O., Taylor, M.R., Spicer, P.J., Stockden, I., Dodson, T., and Saunders, M.R., 1993, Answering geological questions from slimhole coring exploration, paper T, in 34th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 18 p.

Johnston, J., 1991, Down and out in logging: Schlumberger Middle East Well Evaluation Review, no. 11, p. 34-49.

Johnston, P.F., Andersen, G.R., Wachi, N., Lee, D.S., Martens, F.G., and Han, D.H., 1992, Integration of seismic monitoring and reservoir simulation results for a steamflood at south Casper Creek oil field, Wyoming, SPE-24712, in Annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 513-519.

Jones, S.C., 1992, The profile permeameter--a new, fast, accurate minipermeameter, SPE-24757, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 973-983.

Jordan, D.W., Slatt, R.M., D'Agostino, A., and Gillespie, R.H., 1991, Outcrop gamma ray logging--truck-mounted and hand-held scintillometer methods are useful for exploration, development, and training purposes, SPE-22747, in Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition Proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 841-852. Also published in 1991 as, Applications of outcrop gamma-ray logging to field development and exploration, in The integration of geology, geophysics, petrophysics, and petroleum engineering in reservoir delineation, description, and management [proceeding of the first Archie conference, Houston, Texas, October 22-25, 1990]: AAPG, Tulsa, OK, p. 104-122. Later published in 1992 as, Gamma-ray logging of outcrops by a truck-mounted sonde: AAPG Bulletin, v. 77, no. 1, p. 118-123. Also published in 1992 as, Outcrop gamma-ray logging to improve understanding of subsurface well log correlations, in Hurst, A., Griffiths, C.M., and Worthington, P.F., eds., Geological applications of wireline logs II: The Geological Society, London, Special Publication No. 65, p. 3-19.

Justice, J.H., Mathisen, M.E., Vassiliou, A.A., and Shiao, I., 1992, Crosshole seismic tomography--recent case histories [abs.], BG2.1, in 1992 technical program expanded abstracts with biographies: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, p. 67-69.

Justice, J.H., Mathisen, M.E., Vassiliou, A.A., Shiao, I., Alameddine, B.R., and Guinzy, N.J., 1993, Crosswell seismic tomography in improved oil recovery: First Break, v. 11, no. 6, p. 229-239.

Justice, J.H., Mathisen, M.E., Vassiliou, A.A., Singh, S., Cunningham, P.S., and Bulau, J.R., 1991, Acoustic tomography for reservoir surveillance, in The integration of geology, geophysics, petrophysics, and petroleum engineering in reservoir delineation, description, and management [proceeding of the first Archie conference, Houston, Texas, October 22-25, 1990]: AAPG, Tulsa, OK, p. 159-170. Later published in 1992, in Sheriff, R.E., ed., Reservoir geophysics: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, p. 321-334.

Jutten, J., and Morriss, S.L., 1990, Cement job evaluation, chapter 16, in Nelson, E.B., ed., Well cementing: Elsevier, Amsterdam, Developments in Petroleum Science No. 28, p. 16-1--16-44.

Katahara, K.W., Kyle, D.G., Siegfried, R.W., Gard, M.F., Goodwill, W.P., Schasteen, T., and Petermann, S.G., 1988, Detection of external pipe defects with a modified borehole televiewer, paper UU, in 29th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 20 p. Later reprinted in 1990, in Borehole imaging: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts Reprint Volume, p. 231-239.

Kenyon, W.E., 1992, Nuclear magnetic resonance as a petrophysical measurement: Nuclear Geophysics, v. 6, no. 2, p. 153-171.

Kerr, S.A., Grau, J.A., and Schweitzer, J.S., 1992, A comparison between elemental logs and core data: Nuclear Geophysics, v. 6, no. 3, p. 303-323.

Khokhar, R.W., and Johnson, W.M., Jr., 1989, A deep laterolog for ultrathin formation evaluation, paper SS, in 30th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 10 p.

Kleinberg, R.L., Straley, C., Kenyon, W.E., Akkurt, R., and Farooqui, S.A., 1993, Nuclear magnetic resonance of rocks--T1 vs. T2, SPE-26470, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 553-563.

Koepsell, R.J., Jensen, F.E., and Langley, R.L., 1989, Gulf Coast fault orientation determined by formation imaging techniques, paper VV, in 30th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 25 p. Also published in 1989 in condensed form as Formation imaging, part 1, Formation imaging yields precise fault orientation, minimizes dry offsets; part 2, Imaging aids visualization of faults: Oil and Gas Journal, v. 87, no. 49, December 4, p. 55-58; v. 87, no. 50, December 11, p. 85-86.

Koizumi, C.J., Brodeur, J.R., Price, R.K., Meisner, J.E., and Stromswold, D.C., 1994, High-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry logging for contamination assessment: Nuclear Geophysics, v. 8, no. 2, p. 149-164.

Krilov, Z., Steiner, I., Goricnik, B., Wojtanowicz, A.J., and Cabrajac, S., 1991, Quantitative determination of solids invasion and formation damage using CAT scan and barite suspensions, SPE-23102, in Offshore Europe conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 55-66.

Krohn, C.E., 1992, Cross-well continuity logging using guided seismic waves: The Leading Edge, v. 11, no. 7, p. 39-45.

Kubik, W., Lorenzen, J., and Walbe, K., 1992, Fracture identification and characterization using cores, FMS, CAST, and borehole camera--Devonian shale, Pike County, Kentucky: Gas Shales Technology Review, v. 8, no. 1, December, p. 20-31. Later published in 1993 as Kubik, W., and Lowry, P., SPE-25897, in SPE Rocky Mountain/low permeability reservoirs symposium proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 543-554.

Kubik, W., and Lowry, P., 1993, Fracture identification and characterization using cores, FMS, CAST, and borehole camera-- Devonian shale, Pike County, Kentucky, SPE-25897, in SPE Rocky Mountain/low permeability reservoirs symposium proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 543-554.

Kuhlman, R.D., Heemstra, T.R., Ray, T.G., Lin, P., and Charlez, P.A., 1993, Field tests of downhole extensometer use to obtain formation in-situ stress data, SPE-25905, in SPE Rocky Mountain/low permeability reservoirs symposium proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 625-634.

Kurkoski, P.L., Holenka, J.M., and Evans, M.L., 1991, Radiation safety and environment for measurement-while drilling--a different approach, SPE-23264, in 1st international conference on health, safety, and environment, proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 553-561.

Lalanne, B., Bouisset, P., and Pages, G., 1991, Magnetic logging--borehole magnetostratigraphy and absolute datation in sedimentary rocks, SPE-21437, in SPE Middle East oil show proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 841-850.

Lanza, R.C., McFarland, E.W., and Poulos, G.W., 1991, Computerized neutron tomography for core analysis, SCA-9128, in 5th annual technical conference proceedings: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Society of Core Analysts Chapter-at-Large, v. 3, 12 p.

Launhardt, B., York, P., and Bollich, S., 1994, Slimhole wireline logging techniques, in 2nd international symposium on well logging transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Beijing Chapter, p. 238-245.

Lawrence, T.D., and Mezzatesta, A.G., 1989, Thin-bed analysis using high-resolution measurements, paper 6, in Log analysis software evaluation and review (LASER) symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, London Chapter, 13 p.

Lawson, D.A., 1991, Interwell geology from geophysical data, in Lake, L.W., Carroll, H.B., Jr., and Wesson, T.C., eds., Reservoir characterization II: Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, California, p. 442-459.

Leising, L.J., and Rike, E.A., Jr., 1994, Coiled-tubing case histories, IADC/SPE-27433, in IADC/SPE drilling conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 21-30.

Lewis, J., Williams, A., Enwere, P.M., Archer, J.S., and Taylor, D.G., 1990, Applications of magnetic resonance imaging in special core analysis studies, in Worthington, P.F., ed., Advances in core evaluation, accuracy, and precision in reserves estimation [Reviewed proceedings of the first Society of Core Analysts European core analysis symposium, May 21-23, London, UK]: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, p. 317-345.

Lin, P., and Ray, T.G., 1993, A new method to determine in-situ stress directions and in-situ formation rock properties during a microfrac test, SPE-26600, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 891-898.

Lines, L.R., Miller, M., Tan, H., Chambers, R., and Treitel, S., 1993, Integrated interpretation of a borehole and crosswell data from a west Texas field: The Leading Edge, v. 12, no. 1, 13-16.

Link, C.A., McDonald, J.A., and Zhou, H.W., Jech, J., and Evans, B.J., 1993, Crosshole tomography in the Seventy-Six West field: The Leading Edge, v. 12, no. 1, 36-40.

Littleton, J., 1992, Refined slimhole drilling technology renews operator interest: Petroleum Engineer International, v. 64, no. 6, June, p. 19-26.

Lloyd, T.A., 1992, Taking advantage of shear waves: Schlumberger Oilfield Review, v. 4, no. 3, July, 52-54.

Locke, S., Dudek, J., Barnett, C., and Hubner, B., 1991, Theory, response, and calibration of an MWD neutron porosity sensor employing sidewall-mounted Li6 glass scintillation neutron detectors and spectral processing, paper F, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 23 p.

Logan, R.B., Schroeder, T.S., and Zoeller, W.A., 1990, Applications of an MWD propagation resistivity and neutron porosity tool, paper B, in 13th European formation evaluation symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Budapest Chapter, 16 p.

Ma, T.A., and Bigelow, E.L., 1993, Borehole imaging tool detects well bore fractures: Oil and gas Journal, v. 91, no. 2, January 11, p. 33-36.

MacEwen, H., 1988, Coiled-tubing-conveyed logging systems, SPE-18350, in SPE European petroleum conference [London] proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 167-171.

Manley, W.F., MacLean, B., Kerwin, M.W., and Andrew, 1993, Magnetic susceptibility as a Quaternary correlation tool--examples from Hudson Strait sediment cores, eastern Canadian Arctic, in Current Research, part D, eastern Canada and national and general programs: Geological Survey of Canada Paper 93-1D, p. 137-145.

Mansure, A.J., Meldau, R.F., and Weyland, H.V., 1990, Field examples of electrical resistivity changes during steamflooding, SPE-20539, in SPE annual technical conference exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 109-119. Later published in 1993: SPE Formation Evaluation, v. 8, no. 1, p. 57-64.

Maranuk, C.A., 1994, Development of the industry's first MWD slimhole resistivity tool, SPE-28427, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 677-688..

Martin, C.A., Philo, R.M., Decker, D.P., and Burgess, T.M., 1994, Innovative advances in MWD, IADC/SPE-27516, in 1994 IADC/SPE drilling conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineering, p. 787-796.

Martin, D.W., Spencer, M.C., and Patel, H., 1984, The Digital Induction--a new approach in the response of the induction measurement, paper M, in 25th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 11 p. Also published in 1984 as paper 33, in 9th international formation evaluation symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Paris Chapter (SAID).

Maute, R.E., 1992, Electrical logging--state-of-the-art: The Log Analyst, v. 33, no. 3, p. 206-227.

McCreesh, C.A., Erhlich, R., and Crabtree, S.J., 1991, Petrography and reservoir physics II--relating thin section porosity to capillary pressure, the association between pore types and throat size: AAPG Bulletin, v. 75, no. 10, p. 1563-1578.

McKeon, D.C., Scott, H.D., Olesen, J-R., Patton, G.L., and Mitchell, R.J., 1990, Improved method for determining water flow behind casing using oxygen activation, SPE-20586, in SPE annual technical conference exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 591-603. Later published in 1991: SPE Formation Evaluation, v. 6, no. 3, p. 334-342.

McKeon, D.C., Scott, H.D., and Patton, G.L., 1991, Interpretation of oxygen activation logs for detecting water flow in producing and injection wells, paper BB, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 23 p.

McNaboe, G.J., 1991, Comparison of Formation MicroScanner images to cores in sandstone reservoirs, Saudi Arabia, SPE-21436, in SPE 7th Middle East oil show conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 831-839.

Medlin, W.L., 1991, Fracture diagnostics with tube wave reflection logs, SPE-22872, in SPE annual technical conference exhibition proceedings, v. pi, Production operations and engineering: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 541-555.

Medlin, W.L., and Alhilali, K.A., 1990, Shear-wave porosity logging in sands, SPE-20558, in SPE annual technical conference exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 283-293. Later published in 1992: SPE Formation Evaluation, v. 7, no. 1, March, p. 106-112.

Medlin, W.L., and Schmitt, D.P., 1992, Acoustic logging based on wellbore resonance, SPE-24686, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 273-285.

Meehan, R., Miller, D., Haldorsen, J., Kamata, M., and Underhill, B., 1993, Rekindling interest in seismic while drilling: Schlumberger Oilfield Review, v. 5, no. 1, January, p. 4-13.

Meertens, R., and White, J., 1994, Practical aspects of geological steering in horizontal wells using MWD resistivity and porosity sensors [abs.]: The Log Analyst, v. 35, no 2, p. 98.

Menger, S., and Schepers, R., 1988, Method to derive high-resolution caliper logs from borehole televiewer traveltime data, in 1988 annual meeting expanded abstracts with biographies, volume 1: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, p. 554-556.

Meyer, W.H., Thompson, W., Wisler, M.M., Wu, J-Q., 1994, A new slimhole multiple propagation resistivity tool, NN, paper in 35th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 21 p.

Mezzatesta, A.G., Eckard, M.H., Payton, C.C., Strack, K.-M., and Tabarovsky, L.A., 1994, Improved resolution of reservoir parameters by joint use of resistivity and induction tools, paper WW, in 35th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 15 p.

Miller, M.N., Paltiel, Z., Gillen, M.E., Granot, J., and Boouton, J.C., 1990, Spin-echo magnetic-resonance logging--porosity and free-fluid index, SPE-20561, in SPE annual technical conference exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 321-334.

Mills, W.R., Stromswold, D.C., and Allen, L.S., 1988, Pulsed neutron porosity logging, paper KK, in 29th Annual well logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 21 p. Later published in 1989 as, Pulsed neutron porosity logging using epithermal neutron lifetime: The Log Analyst, v. 30, no. 3, p. 119-128.

Mills, W.R., Stromswold, D.C., and Allen, L.S., 1991, Advances in nuclear oil well logging: Nuclear Geophysics, v. 5, no. 3, p. 209-227.

Moake, G.L., 1991, A new approach to determining compensated density and Pe values with a spectral-density tool, paper Z, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 24 p.

Monrose, H., and Boyer, S., 1992, Casing Corrosion--Origin and Detection: The Log Analyst, v. 33, no. 4, November-December, p. 507-519.

Montaron, B.A., Hache, J-M.D., and Voisin, B., 1993, Improvements in MWD telemetry--"the right data at the right time," SPE-25356, in SPE Asia Pacific oil and gas conference and exhibition proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 337-346.

Morriss, C., MacInnis, J., Freedman, B., Smaardyk, J., Straley, C., and Kenyon, W., Vinegar, H.J., and Tutunjian, P.N., 1993, Field test of an experimental pulsed nuclear magnetism tool, paper GGG, in 34th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 23 p.

Murphy, D.P., 1993, What's new in MWD and formation evaluation: World Oil, v. 214, no. 5, May, p. 47-52.

Murray, P., 1994, Barriers to slimhole drilling: World Oil, v. 215, no. 3, p. 58-61.

Murray, P.J., Spicer, P.J., Jantzen, R.E., Syrstad, S.O., and Taylor, M.R., 1993, Slimhole exploration--a case for partnership in the nineties, SPE/IADC-25724, in SPE/IADC drilling conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, 439-448.

Myer, W.H., Thompson, L.W., Wisler, M.M., and Wu, J-Q., 1994, A new slimhole multiple propagation resistivity tool [abs.]: The Log Analyst, v. 35, no. 2, p. 91-92.

Myers, G.D., 1988, Practical pulsed neutron spectroscopy logging with a high resolution gamma ray detector, paper RR, in 29th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 21 p.

Myers, G.D., 1992, A review of nuclear logging: The Log Analyst, v. 33, no. 3, p. 228-238.

Nelson, P.H., 1993, Magnetic susceptibility logs from sedimentary and volcanic environments, paper V in 34th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 16 p.

Nelson, R.J., and Mitchell, W.K., 1990, Improved vertical resolution of well logs by resolution matching, paper JJ, in 31st annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 25 p. Later published in 1991: The Log Analyst, v. 32, no. 4, p. 339-349.

Nieto, J.A., and Yale, D.P., 1991, Integration of core and downhole acoustic measurements--shear and compressional, in Worthington, P.F., and Longeron, D., eds., Advances in core evaluation II--reservoir appraisal: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, Philadelphia, p. 215-237.

Nix, D.W., Powers, R.P., and Kanipe, L.G., 1979, Application of germanium detectors to environmental monitoring: U.S. Tennessee Valley Authority/Environmental Protection Agency, Report TVA/EP-79/06, EPA-600/7-79-054, 122 p.

Oberkircher, J., Steinberger, G., and Robbins, B., 1993, Applications for a multiple depth of investigation MWD resistivity device, paper OO, in 34th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 18 p.

Odom, R.C., Streeter, R.W., Hogan, G.P., II, and Tittle, C.W., 1994, A new 1.625-in. diameter pulsed neutron capture and inelastic/capture spectral combination system provides answers in complex reservoirs, paper O, in 35th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 19 p.

Olesen, J.R., Carpenter, W.W., and Hudson, T.E., 1989, Gravel pack quality control by neutron activation logging, SPE-19739, in Annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. pi, Production operations and engineering: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 375-388.

Olsson, O., Falk, L., Forslund, O., Lundmark, L., and Sandberg, E., 1992, Borehole radar applied to the characterization of hydraulically conductive fracture zones in crystalline rock: Geophysical Prospecting, v. 40, p. 109-142.

Orban, J.J., Dennison, M.S., Jorion, B.M., and Mayes, J.C., 1991, New ultrasonic caliper for MWD operations, SPE/IADC-21947, in SPE/IADC drilling conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 439-448.

Paillet, F.L., 1991, Qualitative and quantitative interpretation of fracture permeability using acoustic full-waveform logs: The Log Analyst, v. 32, no. 3, p. 256-270.

Paillet, F.L., Barton, C., Luthi, S., Rambow, F., and Zemanek, J., 1990, Borehole imaging and its application in well logging--an overview, chapter 1, in Borehole imaging: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts Reprint Volume, p. 1-23.

Paillet, F.L., Cheng, C.H., and Pennington, W.D., 1992, Acoustic-waveform logging--advances in theory and application: The Log Analyst, v. 33, no., 3, p. 239-258.

Pantea, M.P., Gay, F.E., and Ambroziak, R.A., 1991, Sampler of digital rock core information from the Core Research Center: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report, OF91-355, one CD-ROM.

Paske, W.C., Mack, S.G., Rao, R.L., Spross, and J.R. Twist, 1990, Measurement of hole size while drilling, paper F, in 31st annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 24 p. A similar paper was also published in 1990 as, Theory and implementation of a borehole-caliper measurement made while drilling, SPE-20562, in SPE annual technical conference exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 335-344. Later published in 1992 as Theory and implementation of a borehole caliper measurement made while drilling: SPE Formation Evaluation, v. 7, no. 2, June, p. 145-150.

Paulsson, B.N.P., Smith, M.E., Tucker, K.E., and Fairborn, J.W., 1992, Characterization of a steamed oil reservoir using cross-well seismology: The Leading Edge, v. 11, no. 7, p. 24-32. Later published in 1993 as, The use of cross well seismology to characterize and monitor a steamed oil reservoir, in Hudson, J.A., ed., Rock testing and site characterization: Pergamon Press, Oxford, Comprehensive Rock Engineering, Principles, Practice and Projects, v. 3, p. 651-669.

Pennington, W.D., 1993, A new generation of sonic-logging tools and their applications, in New technology for the independent producer conference [Denver, May 6-7] proceedings: Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, 10 p.

Peters, C.A., Schultz, P.K., and Cobb, C.C., 1994 , Development of an electro-optical logging cable and video system for offshore and other downhole applications, OTC-7608, in 26th annual offshore technology conference proceedings, v. 4: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 885-892.

Peters, E.J., and Hardham, W.D., 1990, Visualization of fluid displacements in porous media using computed tomography imaging: Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, v. 4, p. 155-168.

PetroTech Associates, 1993, Catalog of petrophysical and geological properties of typical reservoir rocks: Houston, Texas, Descriptive brochure, 24 p.

Phillips, C., DiFoggio, R., Burleigh, K., 1991, Extracting information from digital images of core, paper SCA-9125, in Annual technical conference preprints, v. 3: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Society of Core Analysts, Chapter-at-Large, 15 p.

Picton, D.J., Harris, R.G., Randle, K., and Weaver, D.R., 1993a, Enhanced vertical resolution analysis of density tool data in rugose holes (part I), paper P, in 15th European formation evaluation symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Norwegian Chapter, 15 p.

Picton, D.J., Harris, R.G., Randle, K., and Weaver, D.R., 1993b, Enhanced vertical resolution analysis of density tool data in rugose holes (part II), paper BBB, in 34th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 21 p.

Piggin, R., 1992, Gravity gains momentum: Schlumberger Middle East Well Evaluation Review, no. 12, p. 6-11.

Pilkington, P.E., 1992, Cement evaluation--past, present, and future, SPE-20314: Journal of Petroleum Technology, v. 44, no. 2, p. 132-140.

Plumb, R.A., and Hickman, S.H., 1985, Stress-induced borehole elongation--A comparison between the four-arm dipmeter and the borehole televiewer in the Auburn geothermal well: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 90, no. B7, p. 5513-5521.

Popta, J.V., Heywood, J.M.T., Adams, S.J., and Bostock, D.R., 1990, Use of borehole gravimetry for reservoir characterization and fluid saturation monitoring, SPE-20896, in Europec 90, SPE European petroleum conference [October 22-24, The Hague] proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, v. 1, p. 151-160.

Poulton, H.N., and Strozeski, B.B., 1989, Ultrasonic Diplog; a system for measuring dips in wells drilled with oil-base mud, paper GG, in 12th international formation evaluation symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Paris Chapter (SAID), 15 p.

Pozzi, J.P., Barthes, V., Thibal, J., Pocachard, J., Lim, M., Thomas, T., and Pages, G., 1993, Downhole magnetostratigraphy in sediments--comparison with the paleomagnetism of a core: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 98, no. B5, May 10, p. 7939-7957.

Rademaker, R.A., Olszewski, K.K., Goiffon, J.J., and Maddox, S.D., 1992, A coiled-tubing-deployed downhole video system, SPE-24794, in Annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. pi., Production operations and engineering,: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 291-299. Also published in 1993, in 8th Middle East oil show and conference proceedings, v. 1: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 67-75. Also published in 1993, in Offshore Europe 93 proceedings, v. 1: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 11-20.

Rambow, F.H.K., 1990, Active listening--an alternative method for detecting flow and measuring flow velocity behind casing, paper P, in 31st annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 18 p. Later published in 1991: The Log Analyst, v. 32, no. 6, p. 645-653.

Ramirez, A., Daily, W., LaBreque, D, Owen, E., and Chesnut, D., 1993, Monitoring an underground steam injection process using electrical resistance tomography: Water Resources Research, v. 29, no. 1, p. 73-87.

Ramos, A.B., Jr., Fahel, R.A., Chaffin, M., and Pulis, K.H., 1992, Horizontal slim-hole drilling with coiled tubing--an operator's experience, IADC-SPE-23875, in IADC/SPE drilling conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 289-300.

Randolph, S.B., and Jourdan, A.P., 1991, Slimhole continuous coring and drilling in Tertiary sediments, SPE/IADC-21906, in SPE/IADC drilling conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 81-91.

Ranganayaki, R.P., Akturk, S.E., and Fryer, S.M., 1992, Formation resistivity variation due to steam flooding--a log study: Geophysics, v. 57, no. 3, p. 488-494.

Rasmus, J.C., and Stephens, D.M.R.G., 1990, Real-time pore pressure evaluation utilizing MWD/LWD measurements and drilling-derived formation strength, SPE-20443, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition, proceedings, v. delta, Drilling: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 403-411. Later published in 1991: SPE Drilling Engineering, v. 6, no. 4, December, p. 264-272.

Rau, R., Davies, R., Finke, M., and Manning, M., 1991, Advances in high frequency dielectric logging, paper S, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 19 p.

Rector, J.W., and Marion, B.P., 1991, The use of drill-bit energy as a downhole seismic source: Geophysics, v. 56, no. 5, p. 628-634. Later reprinted in 1993, in Measurement while drilling: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts Reprint Series, p. 447-454.

Reservoirs, Inc., and Robert M. Sneider Exploration, 1994, Worldwide rock catalog--a catalog of geological and engineering properties for sandstones and carbonates: Reservoirs, Inc., Houston, Texas, revised prospectus, 19 p.

Reyes, M.V., 1993, The application of fluorescence techniques for mudlogging analysis of oil drilled with oil-based muds, SPE-25355, in SPE Asia Pacific oil and gas conference and exhibition proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 319-336.

Robbins, S.L., 1989, Borehole gravimetry reviews; part 1, What is borehole gravimetry; part 2, Borehole gravity measurements, data reduction and precision; part 3, Bibliography with abridged abstracts of borehole gravimetry and corresponding in-place rock density measurements: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 890, 64 p.

Robertshaw, S.E., Peach, S.C., and Jensen, R.E., 1991, Completion and evaluation of cased horizontal wells, paper Z, in 13th formation evaluation symposium transactions: Canadian Well Logging Society, 10 p. Later published in 1992, as Well illustrates challenges of horizontal production logging: Oil and Gas Journal, v. 90, no. 24, June 15, p. 33-38.

Robertson, G.M., and McPhee, C.A., 1990, High resolution probe permeability--an aid to reservoir description, in Worthington, P.F., ed., Advances in core evaluation accuracy and precision in reserves estimation [Reviewed proceedings of the first Society of Core Analysts European core analysis symposium, May 21-23, London, UK]: Gorden and Breach Science Publishers, New York, p. 495-520.

Robertson, H.A., Stapp, D., Harville, D., and Philipson, C., 1989, Determining lithology from continuously collected drill cuttings, using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, paper T, in 12th formation evaluation symposium transactions: Canadian Well Logging Society, 16 p.

Robinson, M.A., 1991, Magnetic resonance imaging for the measurement of oil core porosity distributions, SPE-23582: Society of Petroleum Engineers, unsolicited paper, 31 p.

Robinson, M.A., Deans, H.A., and Bansal, S., 1992, Determination of oil core flow velocities and porosities using MRI, SPE-23960, in SPE Permian Basin oil and gas recovery conference, proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 261-268.

Robinson, S.G., 1992, Lithostratigraphic applications for magnetic susceptibility logging of deep-sea sediment cores--examples from ODP Leg 115, in Hailwood, E.A., and Kidd, R.B., eds., High resolution stratigraphy: Geological Society [London] Special Publication No. 70, p. 65-98

Rodney, P.F., and Bittar, M.S., 1993, A combined phase and amplitude technique for controlling the investigation depth of propagating electromagnetic wave resistivity sensors, SPE-26493, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 779-791.

Rodney, P.F., Mack, S.G., Bittar, M.S., Bartel, R.P., 1991, An MWD multiple depth of investigation electromagnetic wave resistivity sensor, paper D, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 25 p. A similar paper also published in 1991 as, Bittar, M.S., Rodney, P.F., Mack, S.G., and Bartel, R.P., A true multiple depth of investigation electromagnetic wave resistivity sensor--theory, experiment, and prototype field test results, SPE-22705: Society of Petroleum Engineers, presented at 66th Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition [not included in proceedings], 18 p. A condensed version later published in 1992 as, Mack, S.G., Rodney, P.F., and Bittar, M.S., MWD tool accurately measures four resistivities: Oil and Gas Journal, v. 90, no. 21, May 25, p. 42-46.

Rosthal, R.A., Best, D.L., and Clark, B., 1991, Borehole caliper while drilling from a 2-MHz propagation tool, SPE-22707, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 491-502.

Ruessink, B.H., and Harville, D.G., 1992, Quantitative analysis of bulk mineralogy--the applicability and performance of XRD and FTIR, SPE-23828, in SPE international symposium on formation damage control, proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 533-546.

Ruhovets, N., Rau, R., Samuel, M., Smith, H., Jr., and Smith, M., 1992, Laminated reservoir evaluation using logs with different vertical resolution, paper CC, in 33rd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 25 p. Also published in 1992, in Hurst, A., Griffiths, C.M., and Worthington, P.F., eds., Geological applications of wireline logs II: The Geological Society, London, Special Publication No. 65, p. 99-121.

Russell, D.H., 1992, Using color in seismic displays: The Leading Edge, v. 11, no. 9, p. 13-18.

Ruzyla, K., 1992, Quantitative image analysis of reservoir rocks--pitfalls, limitations, and suggested procedures: Geobyte, v. 7, no. 6, p. 7-20.

Safinya, K.A., Le Lan, P., Villegas, M., and Cheung, P.S., 1991, Improved formation imaging with extended microelectrical arrays [FMI], SPE-22726, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 653-664.

Sakurai, S., Hedges, P.L., and Wolcott, D., 1992, Wireline--MWD logoff for formation evaluation, Kuparuk River unit, Alaska: The Log Analyst, v. 33, no. 5, p. 451-460.

Salimullah, A.R.M., and Stow, D.A.V., 1992, Application of FMS images in poorly recovered coring intervals--examples from ODP Leg 129, in Hurst, A., Griffiths, C.M., and Worthington, P.F., eds., Geological applications of wireline logs II: The Geological Society, London, Special Publication No. 65, p. 71-86.

Samworth, J.R., 1992, Quantitative open-hole logging with very small diameter wireline tools, paper NN, in 33rd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 24 p.

Samworth, J.R., and Spencer, M.C., 1994, The Array Induction Tool advances slim-hole logging [abs.]: The Log Analyst, v. 35, no. 4, p. 64.

Sandberg, E., Olsson, O., and Falk, L., 1989, Combined interpretation of fracture zones in crystalline rock using single hole, crosshole, tomography, and directional borehole radar data, paper G, in 3rd international symposium on borehole geophysics for minerals, geotechnical, and groundwater applications, proceedings: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Minerals and Geotechnical Logging Society, Chapter-at-Large, p. 97-116. Later published in 1991: The Log Analyst, v. 32 , no. 3, p. 108-119.

Sanders, L., 1993, Hydrocarbon detection using the shear wave travel time and neutron porosity in sandstone reservoirs, paper S, in 34th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 11 p.

Sato, M., Fuziwara, J., Miyari, M., Kashihara, K., and Niitsuma, H., 1994, Directional induction logging methods, paper AA, in 35th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 16 p.

Saunders, M.R., Shields, J.A., and Taylor, M.R., 1994, Digitizing rocks?--standardizing the process of geological descriptive using workstations, SPE-27542, in European petroleum computer conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 23-38.

Savostianov, N.A., 1991, Advances in cased hole logging and completion technology, in 13th world petroleum congress proceedings, v. 2, Exploration and production: John Wiley & Sons, New York, p. 437-442.

Saxena, V., and Sibbit, A.M., 1990, Deep saturation in low-salinity reservoirs from dual-laterolog quadrature signals, SPE-20560, in SPE annual technical conference exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 309-320.

Schlumberger, 1989, Cased hole log interpretation principles/applications: Schlumberger Educational Services, Houston, Document No. SMP-7025, p. 6-10.

Schlumberger, 1991, Dipole Shear SonicImager (DSI): Schlumberger Educational Services, Houston, TX, Document SMP-9200, 26 p.

Schlumberger, 1992, GRA--Geochemical Reservoir Analyzer: Schlumberger Educational Services, Houston, Texas, Preliminary Client Document, 32 p.

Schlumberger, 1992a, AIT Array Induction Imager Tool: Schlumberger Educational Services, Houston, TX, Document SMP-9240, 36 p.

Schlumberger, 1992b, Corrosion evaluation: Schlumberger Educational Services, Houston, Texas, Document SMP-9110, 43 p.

Schlumberger, 1992c, FMI fullbore Formation MicroImager: Schlumberger Educational Services, Houston, TX, Document SMP-9210, 42 p.

Schlumberger, 1992d, MDT Modular Formation Dynamics Tester: Schlumberger Educational Services, Document SMP-9220, 32 p.

Schlumberger, 1993a, Ultrasonic Imaging--USI, Ultrasonic Imager; UBI, Ultrasonic Borehole Imager: Schlumberger Wireline and Testing, Houston, Document No. SMP-9230, 28 p.

Schlumberger, 1993b, ARI--Azimuthal Resistivity Imager: Schlumberger Wireline and Testing, Houston, Document No. SMP-9260, 24 p.

Schlumberger, 1994, IPL--Integrated Porosity Lithology tool: Schlumberger Wireline and Testing, Document No. SMP-9270, 31 p.

Schnorr, D.R., Targac, G.W., Guillory, R.J., Pearson, C.M., and Eck, M.E., 1993, Improved oxygen activation logging for waterflood surveillance measurements, SPE-26062, in Western regional meeting proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 321-330. Also published in 1993, in condensed form as Schnorr, D.R., Logs determine water flow behind pipe in Alaska: Oil and Gas Journal, v. 91, no. 45, November 8, p. 77-81.

Schultz, A.K., 1989, Monitoring fluid movement with the borehole gravity meter: Geophysics, v. 54, no. 5, p. 1,267-1,273.

Schweitzer, J.S., 1991, Nuclear techniques in the oil industry: Nuclear Geophysics, v. 5, no. 1/2, p. 65-90

Schweitzer, J.S., and Clayton, C.G., 1993, Introduction, chapter 1, in Handbook on nuclear data for borehole logging and mineral analysis: International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Technical Reports Series No. 367, p. 1-10.

Schweitzer, J.S., and Manente, R.A., 1985, In situ neutron-induced spectroscopy of geological formations with germanium detectors, in Raman, S., eds., Capture gamma-ray spectroscopy and related topics, 1984: American Institute of Physics, Conference Proceedings Series No. 125, p. 824-827.

Schweitzer, J.S., Peterson, C.A., and Draxler, J.K., 1993, Elemental logging with a germanium spectrometer in the Continental Deep Drilling Project: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, v. 40, no. 4, August, p. 920-923.

Scott, H.D., Pearson, C.M., Renke, S.M., McKeon, D.C., and Meisenhelder, J.P., 1991a, Applications of oxygen activation for injection and production profiling in the Kuparuk River field, SPE-22130, in SPE international Arctic technology conference [May 29-31, Anchorage, Alaska] proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 555-565. Later published in 1993: SPE Formation Evaluation, v. 8, no. 2, p. 103-111.

Scott, H.D., Stoller, C., Roscoe, B.A., Plasek, R.E., and Adolph, R.A., 1991b, A new compensated through-tubing carbon/oxygen tool for use in flowing wells, paper MM, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 25 p.

Seiler, D., Edmiston, C., Torres, D., and Goetz, J., 1990, Field performance of a new borehole televiewer tool and associated image processing techniques, paper H, in 31st annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 20 p.

Seiler, D., King, G., and Eubanks, D., 1994, Field test results of a six arm microresistivity borehole imaging tool, paper W, in 35th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 21 p.

Serra, O., 1989, Formation MicroScanner image interpretation: Schlumberger Educational Service, Houston, SMP-7028, 117 p.

Shade, M.E., and Hansen, D.K.T., 1991, Drilled-sidewall cores aid in interpretation of complex clastic Tertiary reservoirs, paper R, in 13th formation evaluation symposium transactions: Canadian Well Logging Society, 31 p. Later published in 1992 as, Drilled sidewall cores aid in interpretation of the Tertiary Wasatch Formation, Natural Buttes field, Utah, in Fouch, T.D., Nuccio, V.F., and Chidsey, T.C., Jr., eds., Hydrocarbon and mineral resources of the Uinta Basin, Utah and Colorado, 1992 field symposium: Utah Geological Association, Salt Lake City, Utah, Guidebook No. 20, p. 193-217.

Shell Research, 1992, Slimhole drilling, evaluation, and completion: Shell Research, Rijswijk, the Netherlands, Advances in EP Research, 1992 Special Issue, 24 p.

Shen, L.C., 1991, Investigation depth of coil-type MWD resistivity sensor, paper C, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 23 p. Also published in 1991 as, Theory of a coil-type resistivity sensor for MWD application: The Log Analyst, v. 32, no. 5, p. 603-611.

Silva, C., and Spooner, D., 1991, High resolution induction logging--a comparison with conventional induction as used in thin sands in the Texas Gulf Coast region, paper WW, in 32nd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 22 p.

Simmons, J., and Adam, B., 1993, Evolution of coiled tubing drilling technology accelerates: Petroleum Engineer International, v. 65, no. 9, September, p. 26-33.

Simpson, G.A., and Gadeken, L.L., 1993, Interpretation of directional gamma ray logging data for hydraulic fracture orientation, SPE-25851, in SPE Rocky Mountain/low permeability reservoirs symposium proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 95-106.

Sinclair, P., Chemali, R., and Su, S-M., 1993, A new dual-spaced compensated wave resistivity device for measurement while drilling, paper L, in 15th European formation evaluation symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Norway Chapter [Norwegian Formation Evaluation Society], 25 p.

Singer, J.M., 1992, An example of log interpretation in horizontal wells: The Log Analyst, v. 33, no. 2, p. 85-95.

Skopec, R.A., 1991, Rock characterization in reservoirs target for horizontal drilling, SPE-22709, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 503-513. Later published in 1993: Journal of Petroleum Technology, v. 45, no. 12, p. 1168-1176.

Skopec, R.A., 1992, Recent advances in rock characterization: The Log Analyst, v. 33, no. 3, p. 270-285.

Skopec, R.A., Mann, M.M., Jeffers, D., and Grier, S.P., 1990, Horizontal-core acquisition and orientation for formation evaluation, SCA-9017, in Annual technical conference preprints: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, Society of Core Analysts Chapter-at-Large, v. 3, 32 p. Also published in 1990 as SPE-20418, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition, proceedings, v. delta, drilling: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 153-166. Later published in 1992: SPE Drilling Engineering, v. 7, no. 1, p. 47-54.

Smits, A.R., Fincher, D.V., Nishida, K., Mullins, O.C., Schroeder, R.J., and Yamate, T., 1993, In-situ optical fluid analysis as an aid to wireline formation sampling, SPE-26496, in SPE annual technical conference and exhibition proceedings, v. omega, Formation evaluation and reservoir geology: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 807-817.

Sondergeld, C.H., and Rai, C.S., 1993, A new exploration tool--quantitative core characterization: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 141, no. 2/3/4, p. 249-268. Also published in 1993 as, A new concept in quantitative core characterization: The Leading Edge, v. 12. no. 7, p. 774-779.

Soulier, L., and Lemaitre, M., 1993, E.M. MWD data transmission status and perspectives, SPE/IADC-25686, in IADC/SPE drilling conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 121-128.

Sovich, J., and Newberry, B., 1993, Quantitative applications of borehole imaging, paper FFF, in 34th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 18 p.

Spain, D.R., Morris, S.A., and Penn, J.T., 1991, Automated geological evaluation of continuous slim-hole cores, SPE-23577: Society of Petroleum Engineers, unsolicited manuscript, 23 p. Later published in 1992: Journal of Petroleum Technology, v. 44, no. 6, p. 662-668.

Spross, R., Burnett, T., Freeman, J., Jones, D., Paske, W., and Zannoni, S., 1993, Formation density measurement while drilling, paper PP, in 34th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 22 p.

Standen, E., 1991, Tips for analyzing fractures on electrical wellbore images: World Oil, v. 212, no. 4, April, p. 99-117.

Standen, E., Nurmi, R., El Wazeer, F., and Ozkanli, M., 1993, Quantitative applications of wellbore images to reservoir analysis, paper EEE, in 34th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 15 p.

Starkey, J., and Rutherford, S., 1992, Image analysis of particle shape, chapter 11, in Palaz, I., and Sengupta, S.K., eds., Automated pattern analysis in petroleum exploration: Springer-Verlag, New York, p. 213-221.

Stoller, C., Scott, H.D., Plasek, R.E., Lucas, A.J., Adolph, R.A., 1993, Field tests of a slim carbon/oxygen tool for reservoir saturation monitoring, SPE-25375, in SPE Asia Pacific oil and gas conference and exhibition proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 481-487.

Straub, A., Kruckel, U., and Gros, Y., 1991, Borehole electrical imaging and structural analysis in a granitic environment: Geophysical Journal International, v. 106, no. 3, September, p. 635-646.

Streeter, R.W., Hogan, G.P., II, and Olson, J.D., 1994, Oil or fresh water?--a new through-tubing measurement to determine water saturation, SPE-27646, in Permian Basin oil and gas recovery conference proceedings: Society of Petroleum Engineers, p. 301-311.

Strickland, R., Chemali, R., Su, S.M., Gianzero, S., Klein, J., Sakurai, S., and Walker, M., 1992, New developments in the high resolution induction log, paper D, in 33rd annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 20 p.

Strozeski, B.B., Hilliker, D.J., and Oliver, D.W., 1989, Theoretical and experimental development of the ultrasonic DIPLOG System, paper DD, in 30th annual logging symposium transactions: Society of Professional Well Log Analysts, 21 p.

Struyk, C., Bishop, R., Fortune, D., Foster, E., Gordon, D., d'Haene, T., Joyce, D., Kenny, S., Kowalchuk, H., and Stadnyk, M., 1989, LAS-- a floppy disk standard for log data, paper J, in 12th formation evaluation symposium transactions: Canadian Well Logging Society, 16 p. Reprinted in part, in 1989: The Log Analyst, v. 30, no. 5, p. 395-396. Later reprinted in 1991: Geobyte, v. 6, no. 6, p. 56-61.

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